Utah Voters Approved Medicaid Expansion, But State Lawmakers Are Balking
In Utah, angry voters say lawmakers at the State Capitol in Salt Lake City are disregarding their wishes by trying to limit the scope of a ballot referendum that expanded Medicaid. (iStock/Getty Images)
[UPDATED at 4:30 p.m. ET]
Utah residents may have thought they were done fighting about Medicaid expansion last November. But when Utah lawmakers opened a new legislative session in late January, they began pushing through a bill to roll back the scope and impact of an expansion that voters approved in a ballot measure.
That scaled-back version of Medicaid expansion passed the Utah House on Friday by a .
The activists who pushed the ballot measure are not pleased.
鈥淲e were very clear about what we wanted,鈥� said Andrew Roberts, a spokesman for , the group that organized the Medicaid expansion referendum, known as Proposition 3.聽鈥淲e are frustrated, and I think Utahns are frustrated.鈥�
That frustration led his group to hire a billboard truck to drive in circles around the Capitol building and through the snowy streets of Salt Lake City and its suburbs. Signs on the sides of the truck flash phrases in LED lights, including 鈥淪upport democracy. Support Utah鈥檚 vote.鈥� A looping video advertisement urges residents to call lawmakers 鈥渨ho don鈥檛 respect the will of the people.鈥�
After six years of talking about Medicaid expansion, voters approved the ballot measure on Nov. 6, with 53 percent in favor. If implemented fully, 150,000 Utahns would gain coverage. The skinny expansion 鈥� which the state Senate and governor support 鈥� will also need federal approval.
Similar legislative efforts to curtail expansion are also happening in Idaho, where voters passed a Medicaid expansion initiative in November. Sixty-one percent of voters . Idaho lawmakers are considering ways to scale that program back.
In politically and fiscally conservative Utah, legislators argue the 0.15 percent non-food sales tax that voters approved won鈥檛 be enough to pay for Medicaid expansion. So they鈥檒l pass an expansion, but only a very limited one.
Voters 鈥渨anted Medicaid expansion, and that鈥檚 what we鈥檙e doing,鈥� said Republican state . But, he added, the voters 鈥渄idn鈥檛 fill in the proper blanks. We are filling in those blanks for them. They are not obligated to balance the budget. We are.鈥�
Christensen is leading the rollback effort in Utah. His alternative proposal, , would cap the number of individuals who would qualify for Medicaid, add work requirements and lower the annual income limit. Proposition 3 supporters had wanted the coverage available for people who made up to 138 percent of the federal poverty level, or nearly $17,000 a year. But Christensen鈥檚 bill would offer Medicaid coverage only to people who made less than 100 percent of the federal poverty level, or about $12,000 for an individual.
Making those changes would require the state of Utah to get approval for two federal waivers from the federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Proposition 3 supporters point out that similar requests from other states have been denied.
鈥淔rom the perspective of voters, I think voters have a right to be furious right now,鈥� said聽, executive director of the Utah Health Policy Project, another group that has supported Medicaid expansion.
Slonaker said changing the scope of Proposition 3 would mean fewer people getting health coverage, and the state would receive less money from the federal government. He also fears it could make voters feel disillusioned.
鈥淲hy would voters ever want to pursue ballot initiatives and direct democracy if the legislature鈥檚 just going to repeal it anyway?鈥� Slonaker asked.
While some Utah lawmakers, such as Christensen, describe being 鈥減hilosophically opposed鈥� to Medicaid expansion, much of the political debate in Utah is about how much expansion will cost, and whether the new sales tax will pay for it. Supporters point to the fiscal experience of other states.
鈥淵ou should think of Medicaid expansion as no different than if you said, 鈥極h, hey, somebody鈥檚 going to go open up a factory,鈥欌�� said聽, an economist at the , in Missoula. 鈥淎nd that factory is going to bring, in the case of Montana, $600 million of outside money into the state that we鈥檙e going to pay to workers here.鈥�
Ward recently published on the economic impacts of Medicaid expansion in Montana during the first two years of that program. He said it brought in about $600 million dollars in new funds to the state per year. That money supported about 6,000 jobs, he added, or about $350 million in additional income for residents.
Ward said states like his also can take advantage of savings, because Medicaid expansion makes providing health care to certain groups, like prisoners, more affordable. While states do have to pay 10 percent of the cost of expanded Medicaid (the federal government covers 90 percent 鈥� a more generous 鈥渕atch鈥� than traditional Medicaid), the combination of savings and economic growth meant that, in the case of Montana, the program basically pays for itself, Ward said.
鈥淭he benefits that people in Utah have is that people like me in other states have done the work trying to figure this out,鈥� he said. 鈥淥r at least get some ballpark estimates of it.鈥�
So far, Utah lawmakers remain unconvinced by studies like Ward鈥檚. The bill to restrict Medicaid expansion is moving fast, and could reach the governor鈥檚 desk as soon as next week.
This story is part of a partnership that includes聽,听聽and Kaiser Health News.